Cavendish Physics Laboratory is a physics laboratory at the University of Cambridge in England. It was founded in 1871 by James Clerk Maxwell, the father of electromagnetism, and completed as a laboratory in 1874. In memory of the great physicist, chemist, Cambridge University alumnus Henry Cavendish, and named the Cavendish Laboratory. The research areas of the laboratory include astrophysics, particle physics, solid state physics, and biophysics. Cavendish Laboratory is a socialized and specialized scientific laboratory in the modern history of science, which has spawned a large number of important scientific achievements that can affect human progress, including the discovery of electrons, neutrons, the structure of the atomic nucleus, and the double helix structure of DNA, etc., which has made a decisive contribution to the scientific development of mankind.